Penn State Dickinson Law Electives (LWELA)

In this course students learn why financial accounting is a system for measuring and communicating the outcomes of business activities to parties outside the firm. The purposes of this course are to: (1) provide students with a basic understanding of the concepts and principles (i.e., the jargon) underlying financial accounting practices; (2) make students comfortable with financial data (in particular, opening a 10K or annual report); (3) enable students to have a conversation with accountants; and (4) provide students with the technical tools and references to analyze how a particular transaction affects a firm's financial statements.

This course examines the constitutional, statutory and rule-based issues that arise in the formal processing of a criminal case. Subjects include prosecutorial discretion, grand jury and preliminary hearing, joinder and severance, bail and pretrial release, discovery, plea bargaining and guilty pleas, speedy trial, jury composition and selection, pre-trial publicity, confrontation, cross-examination and the privilege against self-incrimination.

This course primarily addresses organization and operation of commercial organizations in the Anglo-American community. Preliminarily, sole proprietorships and partnerships are considered, after which corporations-for-profit are emphasized with some attention to business trusts and non-profit corporations. In the corporate context, duties of promoters, directors, officers, and other insiders are considered. Availability in the U.S. of the derivative action is treated in terms of both unincorporated and corporate forms of organization. Also treated are the basics of securities regulation at the federal and state levels in the U.S. and the provincial level in Canada.

This course surveys U.S. health law, focusing primarily on health insurance, and the organization and regulation of healthcare providers, organizations, and industry, which are the essential areas of health law practice. The first third of the course focuses on health insurance. Public health insurance programs, Medicare and Medicaid, are covered first before moving onto the Affordable Care Act and the regulation of private insurance. The remainder of the course covers topics such as regulation of healthcare entities and providers; tax exemption requirements for hospitals; healthcare fraud and abuse; and antitrust issues in the provision of healthcare.

This course surveys the law of unincorporated business entities. The agency law part of the course will focus on the agency relationship and, more specifically, the duties and obligations of principals and agents to one another and to third parties. Agency law concepts apply to LLCs, partnerships and other business entities. The partnership law part of the course will cover the fiduciary obligations of partners, partners' management and property rights, and partnership dissolutions. The final part of the course will examine limited liability entities, with emphasis on the formation, organization, and dissolution of limited liability companies.

This course primarily addresses organization and operation of commercial organizations in the Anglo-American community. Preliminarily, sole proprietorships and partnerships are considered, after which corporations-for- profit are emphasized with some attention to business trusts and non-profit corporations. In the corporate context, duties of promoters, directors, officers, and other insiders are considered. Availability in the U.S. of the derivative action is treated in terms of both unincorporated and corporate forms of organization. Also treated are the basics of securities regulation at the federal and state levels in the U.S. and the provincial level in Canada.

This course explores part of the interface between the criminal justice system and the United States Constitution. It introduces students to constitutional analysis by examining the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments as apply to investigation of wrongdoing and police interrogation as well as to circumstances in which indigent defendants are guaranteed the assistance of counsel.

Employer-provided pension and health care programs play a critical role in the lives of individuals, families, and communities. They also affect corporations, financial markets, and the economy as a whole. Employee benefit programs are, in short, an important staple of modern law practice. This course surveys the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and relevant portions of the Internal Revenue Code. Classes examine what benefit plans must do regarding reporting and disclosure, accrual, vesting, funding, and fiduciary standards. The course covers health care reform, the shift from defined benefit to defined contribution programs, and the effect of stock market volatility on benefit programs. Students examine the policy goals underpinning federal benefits law. The course surveys major issues in ERISA litigation, including that statute's claims and remedies provisions, as well as its preemption of state law.

This course will focus on banks as financial intermediaries and compare them to both the securities and insurance industries. The dual banking system of state and federal regulation will be explored as to bank formation, supervision and regulation. The course will explore the ownership and control issues affecting banks and the supervision and regulation of bank holding companies and their subsidiaries engaged in nontraditional banking activities. The causes of the financial crisis of 2007-2009, together with the reaction of financial institutions, the states, the U.S. Congress and the regulators to the crisis, will also be examined. The course will include an assessment of the deposit insurance system and the problems associated with troubled and failed banks. The course will emphasize the potential administrative enforcement, civil and criminal exposure of both regulated entities and individuals involved within those industries.

This course is the introductory course in the regulation of energy in the United States. It also considers some of the international impact of U.S. energy policy. The course examines each significant form of energy (oil, natural gas, nuclear power, electricity, coal and renewables) in terms of the manner in which each form is regulated by various government institutions. To understand the various forms of regulation, we will also consider a substantial amount of economic, political and socio/psychological information. Each segment of the course will be presented in terms of specific problems that participating students will help analyze and solve. At each stage of the course, we will consider the current policies and attempt to develop regulatory goals and positions that will improve those policies. The syllabus for this course is designed to avoid significant overlap with the course in oil and gas law and the course in energy, international security and the global economy.

This course introduces the basic environmental statutes of the United States and the history from which they arose. It includes a focused examination of the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and several other major U.S. environmental laws. It pays close attention to the regulatory tools of these statutes, cooperative federalism, the role of the federal courts, and to cost-benefit analysis in risk regulation generally.

This course will focus on how the law treats issues concerning gender and sexuality. The doctrinal themes that will be explored include constitutional notions of privacy/liberty, equality and expression as applied to categories based on gender, sexuality and/or sexual orientation. For example, topics might include the right to sexual privacy (including access to birth control and abortion); discrimination on the basis of gender and sexual orientation (including sodomy laws and same sex marriage); evolving theories of sexuality (including the rights of transgender persons and intersexuals; transsexuals, and the gay gene); identity speech and the First Amendment (including the gay prom case and sexual harassment cases); military exclusions; and the privatization of family law and family formation. The course will examine the relationship between gender and sexuality, based on a multi-disciplinary approach informed by history, medicine, science and broader social and political theories.

This is a survey course focused primarily on how the law influences the delivery and financing of health care in the United States. The course will examine an array of legal and policy issues related to our health care system, including: the legal structure of the patient-physician relationship; professional licensure and competence; health care privacy, decision-making, and autonomy; the legal and corporate structure of health care enterprises; regulatory and market-based approaches to improving the quality of health care delivery; payment and financing systems including the Medicare and Medicaid programs, insurance, charitable care, managed care, ERISA, and private payment; and enforcement mechanisms, including federal and state civil and criminal statutes and regulations aimed to combat health care fraud and abuse. The course also will focus on the challenges facing the U.S. health care delivery system and proposals for systemic reform, including an in-depth examination of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) and its potential impacts on health care access, delivery, cost, and quality.

This course covers the taxation of common business structures and their owners including corporations, partnerships, and limited liability companies.

This survey course covers the federal regulation of food, human and animal drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, biologies, and agricultural biotechnology. The primary focus will be on the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the operations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The course will also cover related status implemented by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the interaction between federal regulation and private tort litigation, and international trade in FDA-regulated products.

As information technology advances, the legal issues surrounding information privacy, data collection, data retention, data access, and data disclosure grow increasingly complicated. This course will explore information privacy and security issues arising from technological change and resulting shifts in societal perceptions of individual privacy, including how private and government actors electronically gather data, what type of data is gathered (personally identifiable information, biometric data, geolocation data, intimate personal details), and how such data is compiled, shared, bought, and sold across private industry data platforms and government electronic databases. The course overviews the current legal regime in the United States meant to address such issues. This overview will take into account constitutional, statutory, contract, and common law sources of information privacy and electronic surveillance law, at both the federal and state level. There will be particular focus on the First and Fourth Amendment concerns that result from such data gathering. The course concludes with a focus on developing fair information practices and principles to mitigate constitutional privacy concerns.

Remedies covers both "legal" remedies (primarily compensatory damages for breaches of contract and torts) and "equitable" remedies (such as injunctions and specific performance of contracts). This course also will cover various other remedies, including punitive damages, attorney's fees, and pre- and post-judgment interest.

This course focuses on the law concerning the physician-patient relationship as well as bioethical issues that arise in that relationship. It covers the duty to treat, informed consent, confidentiality, medical malpractice, refusal of life-sustaining medical treatment, physician-assisted suicide, experimental medical treatment, and more.

This course deals with the creation, enforcement, and priorities of personal property security interests under Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code and related statutes. It addresses: (a) encumbrances on consumer, commercial, and industrial goods, (b) inventory and receivables financing for manufacturers, distributors, and dealers, and (c) personal property agricultural financing. Relevant provisions of other articles of the UCC and other state and federal statutes are integrated into the course as required.

This course first focuses on various topics that are important in M&A transactions involving both closely-held corporations, including directors duties, shareholder voting and dissenters' rights, basic issues under the Federal securities laws, fundamentals of Federal income taxation and accounting, use of modern valuation techniques, including DCF and CAPM, in M&A, and basic issues in antitrust and pre-merger notification. The course then turns to an analysis of various forms of negotiated acquisition, including acquisitions of stock and assets of closely-held corporations and acquisitions of publicly-held corporations in negotiated transactions. The course is based on the first half of Thompson, Business Planning for Mergers and Acquisitions: Corporate, Securites, Tax, Antitrust, International, and Related Aspects (2008).

The class will focus on Professor Thompson's book: Corporate Valuation in M&A. Each class session will cover chapters of the book. Students will be assigned chapters to make presentations on the principal concepts in the chapters and present a final paper critiquing the assigned chapters.

This course is an extended study of the federal National Labor Relations Act focusing on the right to form and join labor organizations, strikes, boycotts and picketing, collective bargaining, and the enforcement of collective bargaining agreements.

This course is an introduction to law relevant to assisting people in poverty including law addressing public benefits, housing, consumer issues, custody, domestic violence, and private rights of action. It will also address realities of existence for people in poverty and consider historical and policy perspectives. Finally, the course will focus on some practical skills, and students will participate in mock hearings and/or mock interviews.

This course will address legal issues and concepts for people living with disabilities. It will cover issues surrounding civil rights discrimination, and public benefits ranging from employment, housing, income supplements, health, and education. Students will review legislation, case law, and rules, and will focus on the practical and social concerns of individuals living with disabilities.

This course will address legal and regulatory issues that arise during the process of developing land, such as using land for commercial, residential, agricultural, industrial, or other land uses. Land use law has common themes in all states, and we will address these themes by reading materials and cases from many states. Students will learn how local governments obtain authority to regulate land use and how these governments plan for the growth of a municipality and regulate that growth. We will also explore the processes that landowners and developers follow to obtain local or state government approval for land development projects and the legal tools used by opponents of land use change.

This course is designed to provide students with an overview of the issues and case law related to wrongful convictions. The goal of the course is that students will gain an understanding of this dynamic and quickly growing area of law. The students will study issues related to federal and state postconviction law, constitutional issues in this area, and study in-depth the causes of wrongful convictions.

This course is an introduction to the law of the administrative state; to the constitutional, statutory and judge-made rules governing what agencies may do, the procedures they must follow, and how they can be held to account. Topics include mechanisms for control of agencies by the legislative and executive branches; the constitutional basis for, and limits on, governance by agencies; the availability and effects of judicial review over agency action; and the features of agency rulemaking and adjudication.

This course examines the treatment of those taxation principles applicable to investment and business operations applicable to all taxpayers from a perspective that emphasizes tax planning and tax avoidance.

This course will introduce students to the multinational corporation as object and source of law and legal regulation, and the role of multinational corporations in world affairs.

This course is designed to teach students about the veterans benefit system, by analyzing the statutes and regulations that govern that system, studying the administrative agency tasked with applying the law and distributing the benefits, and analyzing both administrative and judicial decisions interpreting those laws. Students will study the policy goals of the system, the role of attorney representation of veterans as it has changed over time, how to be an effective advocate for the veteran in this system, and the challenges the system faces due to the unprecedented number of claims filed and appealed

This course examines the basic substantive provisions of the federal income tax law. Included are the following general topics: gross income, exclusions, deductions, depreciation, basis, tax accounting, and other provisions affecting situations encountered by attorneys in general practice.

This course will explore the intersection between law and (in)equity with the goal of exposing students to the ways individuals and groups are impacted differently by historical and existing laws in the United States. Each week, one professor based or affiliated with Penn State Dickinson Law will lead a lecture and discussion in an area of their expertise.

This course presents the range of legal issues arising from the emergence of cyberspace. The course considers how the law has reacted to challenges posed by the Internet as well as how the law is shaping its future. Specific areas covered include jurisdictional analysis, First Amendment/free speech, digital copyrights, trademarks and domain names, electronic privacy, e-commerce, and Internet governance.

This course will survey the protection of proprietary rights in intangible ass ets by patent, copyright, trademark, trade secrecy, and unfair competition law .

This course examines the domestic and international legal framework governing the use of national security powers by the U.S. government.

The time is ripe for another offering of my course on Nonprofit Organizations Law. Sometimes this topic is called "Charitable Enterprises" law, although as we will learn, the enterprise may not be what the average person would think of as a charity. Sometimes this topic is called "Tax-Exempt" organizations law, and while we will definitely explore why tax exemptions may be essential for certain organizations' survival, we will also see how tax-exempt organizations may use and even "profit" from fee-generating activities while competing with tax-paying organizations, sometimes while making "payments in lieu of taxes" (also known as PILOTs) to state or local authorities. In the current political climate, nonprofit organizations are increasingly under scrutiny; some of the scrutiny is appropriate and some of it is arguably "mere politics." We will examine policy, ethics and implications from the law and practice. As an example of scrutiny that hits especially close to home for higher education, there is an "opinion" piece in October 1, 2025 issue of the Washinton Post that argues Congress should close "loopholes" enjoyed by nonprofit universities. The article points to the fascinating history of New York University and Mueller's pasta sales. This course is a writing course, and each student will have the opportunity to research, write and make a short presentation in class on an NPO that is facing, or has recently faced, a serious law-related concern.

This course covers the presentation of evidence in trials under the Federal Rules of Evidence. We will address substantive topics that include relevancy, hearsay, competency, examination of lay and expert witnesses, judicial notice, privilege, authentication, the best evidence rule, in addition to various Constitutional issues and procedural rules.

This course examines the protection of individual rights afforded by the Constitution by analyzing litigation involving violations of individual rights by the government and its officers. The principal substantive areas addressed are prisoners' rights, police misconduct, and political surveillance. In the process of examining the substantive civil rights issues, the course will analyze advanced concepts of civil procedure, constitutional law, federal jurisdiction, and trial practice.

This course will introduce students to the range of current and emerging issues that confront agricultural producers, agri-business firms, and other segments of that broader sector of the economy referred to as the "food industry." The course will address a variety of issues including the history and objectives of agricultural policy, land use planning for agricultural activities, resource use and allocation, industrialization in the agricultural sector, intergenerational transfers of farm businesses, international trade, and ethical issues that confront practitioners.

In modern business and personal life, significant events frequently involve more than one state or nation. What law applies to multi-jurisdictional transactions? Which court has the authority to adjudicate any dispute that develops? This course examines the legal rules that have developed for resolving these conflict-of-law problems. Specific topics include: domestic jurisdiction, international jurisdiction, domestic choice of law, extraterritorial application of national law, conflicts between state and federal law, and enforcement of judgments.

This course will deal with federal and state statutes and regulations that primarily protect the consumer. Federal laws covered in detail are the Magnuson-Moss Warranty-Federal Trade Commission Improvement Act, the Consumer Credit Protection Act, and federal tax lien statutes. State laws on false and misleading advertisements and full disclosure will be examined, along with state procedures for attachments in the enforcement of money judgments.

This course examines the disposition of property at death by intestate succession and by will. The execution, revocation, construction, and contest of wills, as well as limits on the power to dispose of property by will, are studied. This course also examines the creation, purposes and termination of trusts, including informal trusts, and the interrelationship between trusts and wills.

The rights, duties, and remedies of both debtor and creditor are examined. The course covers the collection process, enforcement of money judgments and insolvency proceedings. Federal bankruptcy law is emphasized.

This course studies legal problems pertaining to the organization, operation, and dissolution of the family. It includes material on privacy, alternative families, marriage and annulment, child and spousal support, termination of parental rights, adoption and care of the child, divorce, alimony, property distribution at divorce, and custody of children.

This course examines the development of due process and equal protection law under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. It includes examination of the structure of the Constitution's protection of civil rights and civil liberties, as well as substantive and procedural due process, equal protection, and fundamental rights.

This course will provide an overview of significant doctrinal issues in employment discrimination law, and will seek to develop students' skills through a rigorous examination of statutory law, regulations and court decisions. It will introduce students to the fundamental legal theories underlying the substantive coverage of the most significant federal equal employment opportunity laws, and legal issues regarding their application.

This course is intended to provide students with a general knowledge of immigration law, including such critical subjects as the constitutional powers of the federal government over immigration matters, admission and exclusion, entry, deportation, and political asylum.

This course will provide a basic understanding of the goals and techniques used to help families plan for the management and distrubution of their personal wealth. Legal concepts from the laws of property, business and tax will be integrated at a fundamental leve.

This course provides an overview of U.S.-focused law and policy related to water.

The course addresses the legal protection afforded to authors and artists under common law and statutory copyright. It considers the rights granted, procedure for their procurement, and protection through litigation. The course also deals with international rights, conveyancing, and interface with the antitrust laws.

Many types of insurance such as auto, health, and homeowners insurance are mandatory. Consequently, insurance law, which developed from tort and contract law, impacts both the personal and professional lives of attorneys and it is an integral area of the law for numerous practice settings including personal injury, insurance defense, and in-house counsel. The course addresses the subject of insurance law from both a theoretical and practical perspective. It also covers "claims made" insurance, insurers' defense obligations, insurer bad faith, broker liability, the rules of insurance policy interpretation, and the role of public policy in insurance law.

A study of the principles, history, procedures and substance of international criminal law.

This course introduces students to key concepts and doctrines of international law. It examines the sources of international law such as custom and treaty, the bases of international jurisdiction, issues of statehood, recognition and succession, nationality, international agreements, and United States participation in the international legal system. The course provides students with the basics needed for both public and private international law practice.

This course covers common law employment doctrines (at-will employment, contract and tort erosions of at-will employment, employee duties, including the duty of loyalty and trade secrets), noncompetition agreements, and employee rights in inventions, and workplace injuries (including workers compensation, OSHA, and criminal and tort approaches to promoting a safe workplace.)

This course will provide a basic understanding of the goals and techniques used to help families plan for the management and distrubution of their personal wealth. Legal concepts from the laws of property, business and tax will be integrated at a fundamental level.

This course examines the legal position of the child in society and the extent to which the child may be legally controlled by parent(s) or state. Subject matters include the right of the child to control reproductive decision- making, child support and paternity issues, child abuse and neglect, foster care, termination of parental rights, adoption, medical treatment of juveniles, and medical experimentation on juveniles. The course also examines the delinquency jurisdiction of juvenile court, the constitutional protections afforded the child accused of criminal activity, adjudications of delinquency, punishment or placement of the child in the dispositional phase of juvenile proceedings, and treatment of the child as an adult offender.

This course will address the basic concepts in oil and gas law within the United States as well as the specific legal issues associated with the developement of the Marcellus Shale formation. This specific topics to be covered include the owernership of oil and gas, oil and gas leasing, oil and gas conservation laws, oil and gas interests, and government regulation of development.

This course focuses on torts not involving physical injury, with substantive and procedural coverage of claims for misrepresentation, defamation, invasion of privacy, interference with contract, and injurious falsehood, along with affirmative defenses to these causes of action. These areas have increased in importance due to the emergence of electronic communications resulting in potential liability.

Payment Systems and Financial Transactions is a general overview of the law of negotiable instruments (e.g., checks) and other mechanisms for making payments, including credit cards, debit cards, ACH payments, and wire transfers. The course also will cover credit enhancement systems such as guaranties and letters of credit. The course will address both uniform state law (UCC Articles 3, 4, 4A, and 5), and applicable federal statutes and regulations (such as the Expedited Funds Avilability Act, the Truth-in-Lending Act, and the Electronic Fund Transfer Act).

This course is an examination of the legal requirements for obtaining patent protection for an invention. The statutory foundations of United States patent law are examined through an analysis of patent prosecution practice and patent litigation. The course also considers United States patent practice in the context of international intellectual property law.

The retention of the intellectual property or the absolute transfer of such interests to other for purposes of economic exploitation is, however, declining in use and popularity. Rather, it has evolved that maximization of the holder's value in the intellectual property may, in some circumstances, be better achieved by sharing some of the rights, while retaining others. This is the topic of the course in the licensing of intellectual property. The offering explores the myriad business, legal, and negotiating issues involved in the drafting and use of intellectual property licensing agreements.

Article Two of the Uniform Commerical Code is an integrated body of statutory law that prescribes the rights and obligations of parties involved in transactions in goods. Although we will review general principles of contract law and contrast them with the approach adopted in Article Two, this course emphasizes the special techniques of statutory construction utilized in interpreting a code as opposed to an isolated statute. Classroom discussion is devoted almost exclusively to developing analyses of written problems distributed to the students in advance of the class. The problems require students to fashion arguments based on the statutory language. The problems also require students to develop an understanding of the legal and commerical context based on the assigned readings, and then to interpret the statutory language in light of the context.

The law of trademarks is central to the concept of fair dealing in the commercial environment. The history of common law and statutory trademarks is explored as well as registration, conveyancing and foreign rights. The course deals with the duty of the merchant to compete honestly and remedies for failure to do so.

This course explores the federal laws that regulate the purchase and sale of securities in the U.S. It covers the definition of a security under federal law and explains why these ownership interests require federal regulation. The course focuses on principles of disclosure (stock offerings, insider transactions, SEC filing requirements) and liability (including securities fraud, insider trading violations, and illegal securities offerings). The course is valuable for students interested in practicing securities law, understanding how companies sell securities to raise funds, and learning how investors are protected in U.S, stock markets.

This course should be of benefit to any student that may bring or defend a case in a federal court. The goal is to demystify the subject through an emphasis on commonly encountered issues and problems students would face in litigating a civil case in federal court or when serving as a judicial clerk. Topics include justiciability, arising under jurisdiction (the well-pleaded complaint rule, the cause of action rule, the state-created cause of action that arises under federal law, preemption, and determining whether a declaratory judgment action is proper), supplemental and removal jurisdiction, the Eleventh Amendment and state and tribal sovereign immunity, Section 1983 lawsuits, the Anti-Injunction Act, abstention doctrines, full faith and credit, common law in the federal courts, applying state law in the federal courts, motion practice in the federal courts and the role of injunctive relief, canons of statutory interpretation, and habeas petitions.

This course is an introduction to the public and private claims to natural resources. Its focus is the common law but brief introductions of major natural resource protection statutes like the Endangered Species Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and others are included. The course also studies major resource-types like water, minerals, timber, recreation and scenery in their overall legal context.

This course is principally an examination of antitrust law and policy in the U.S. as evolved through prosecutions by the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission. There is brief coverage of: (a) European Union and Canadian competition laws plus evolving proposals for supranational norms; and (b) leading market regulatory schemes such as those affecting marketing of foods, drugs, textiles, toxic substances, securities, and consumer products. In the antitrust area, commercial conduct alleged to violate price fixing, market allocation, tying, exclusive dealing, asset acquisition, and price discrimination norms are considered at length with some attention to state antitrust law.

This course examines the federal income tax consequences associated with the formation, operation, and liquidation of corporations and partnerships. Students will apply complex statutes and regulations to factual scenarios involving the life cycle of business entities. Students will also think creatively about how to modify a potential transaction to achieve superior tax consequences.

This course explores the legal frameworks, as well as the strategic considerations, practical skills and policy considerations that are implicated in international arbitration law and practice. International arbitration is the default means by which international commercial disputes are resolved. The effectiveness of its processes and outcomes are assured through a complex interaction of international treaties, national laws, contractual agreements, specialized procedural rules, and international customs and practice norms. The regime is designed to strike an appropriate balance between party autonomy with the sovereign and transnational regulatory interests implicated in disputes. In addition to the doctrinal and practical aspects of international arbitration, this course will also explore the larger trends and theoretical questions raised in contemporary debates about the future of international arbitration. This course is one that will satisfy the prerequisite for participation in the Vis Moot Competition.

A listing of the major topics to be covered with an approximate length of time allotted for their discussion

This course will cover the substantive law and procedures of major white- collar crimes, including conspiracy, fraud, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations law (RICO), money laundering, public corruption, and economic crimes. It will also examine their civil counterparts and civil and administrative consequences and analyze the theory and policies of these hybrid criminal statutes. Finally, the class will learn and practice skills associated with white-collar crime cases, for example, investigative techniques, negotiation, and development of effective theories of the case.

This course explores how various areas of the law impact the sports industry. The "law" that is used by most sports lawyers is principally the appliction of settled principles of other legal fields to the sports industry: contract law, labor law, tax law, products liability law, intellectual property law, etc. The Sports Law course, then focuses on important areas that provide the foundational principles that drive the outcome of most legal disputes arising in the sports industry. The course also examines on certain areas of the law such as antitrust, labor, and constitutional law, that have specific and unique applications to sports.